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Jim Crow North

The Struggle for Equal Rights in Antebellum New England

By (author) Richard Archer
Format: Hardback
Publisher: Oxford University Press Inc, New York, United States
Published: 16th Nov 2017
Dimensions: w 156mm h 234mm d 19mm
Weight: 612g
ISBN-10: 0190676647
ISBN-13: 9780190676643
Barcode No: 9780190676643
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Synopsis
More than a century before Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus, Shadrach Howard, David Ruggles, Frederick Douglass, and others had rejected demands that they relinquish their seats on various New England railroads. They were protesting segregation on Jim Crow cars, a term that originated in New England in 1839. Theirs was part of a larger movement for equal rights in antebellum New England. Using sit-ins, boycotts, petition drives, and other initiatives, African-American New Englanders and their white allies attempted to desegregate schools, transportation, neighborhoods, churches, and cultural venues. Above all they sought to be respected and treated as equals in a reputedly democratic society. Jim Crow North is the tale of that struggle and the racism that prompted it. Despite widespread racism, black New Englanders were remarkably successful. By the advent of the Civil War African American men could vote and hold office in every New England state but Connecticut. Schools, except in the largest cities of Connecticut and Rhode Island, were integrated. Railroads, stagecoaches, hotels, and cultural venues (with occasional aberrations) were free from discrimination. People of African descent and of European descent could marry one another and live peaceably, even in Maine and Rhode Island where such marriages were legally prohibited. There was an emerging, if still small, black middle class who benefitted most. But there were limits to progress. A majority of African-Americans in New England were mired in poverty preventing full equality both then and now.

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Jim Crow North is a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students alike. * David Rothmund, University of Illinois at Chicago, H-Socialisms * A compact and cohesive history of the African American fight for equal rights in postrevolutionary New England....Archer shines in his in-depth work on the characteristics and pervasiveness of mixed marriages in the antebellum period, highlighting an understudied subject....An accessible history that should be required reading for those interested in African American or antebellum history. * James J. Gigantino II, Journal of American History * A wonderfully compact compendium of many of those things readers...would like to know concerning the realities of racism as practiced and sometimes reformed in antebellum New England. * Larry E. Tise, Journal of the Early Republic * Until recently there were few sustained critical examinations of pre-Civil War bigotry and racism in the North where antislavery forces were not treated sympathetically. Richard Archer's readable and well-researched book is a welcome resource on the topic, and demonstrates the hostility that African Americans faced even in largely antislavery society....Archer introduces readers to many influential antebellum New England African Americans, only peripherally discussed
in antislavery literature, whose efforts fighting Northern prejudice and segregation were effective and deserve better common knowledge. * Granville Ganter, African American Review * Insightful....Readers will appreciate Archer's nuanced analysis of black-white relations within New England. * Mark Elliott, American Historical Review * Richard Archer has provided scholars and students with an excellent and readable study of the civil rights struggle of Afro-New Englanders. He shows that racism had exceedingly deep roots in New England, but so did the efforts of African Americans to claim and maintain meaningful citizenship. As Archer shows, black people were not satisfied with basic freedom bathed in discriminatory attitudes, laws, and beliefs. Instead, they fought tooth and nail to achieve what
they came to consider their rights as citizens of the various states of New England. * Harvey Amani Whitfield, Vermont History * It is Archer's excellent storytelling, coupled with his contextualization of events, which enriches Jim Crow North and makes it an especially worthwhile read for historians and general interest readers of African American history.... Ideal for assigning to undergraduate students. * Gordon S. Barker, Civil War Book Review *