'Professor Carranza has been tracking nuclear developments in South Asia for a number of years - this book superbly summarizes the trajectory of India and Pakistan as they became nuclear powers. This is not merely a proliferation problem but a comprehensive dispute between two major states - one rising, one faltering - with potentially catastrophic implications. We are in Carranza's debt for this timely book and especially for its comprehensive assessment of policy options. These will be valuable to both scholars and policy makers.' Stephen P. Cohen, The Brookings Institution, USA '...well-researched and insightful survey of India and Pakistan's bipolar relationship with the atom bomb before and after their fateful nuclear tests of 1998. Taking on the conventional wisdom that Indian and Pakistani nuclear weapons have brought stability to the region, Carranza's analysis provides a sobering reminder that these two nations' nuclear arsenals have created far more risk than reassurance, especially in the absence of effective progress on arms control and disarmament. Invaluable for anyone trying to understand the region and its enormous challenges.' Daryl G. Kimball, Arms Control Association, USA