There are instances of unresolved differences of opinion , as in the case of underlying biochemical mechanisms of action. It has been particularly challenging to interpret the diversity of effects induced by several trichothecenes when studied in various cells, tissues, and concentrations, and at dissimilar intervals. In the hope of shortening the time needed to overcome these difficulties, the authors have sought to discuss a range of observations delineating both areas of agreement and aspects remaining to be clarified. The final chapter of the volumes is comprised of an effort to integrate the various observations detailed throughout the book. With the continued efforts of not only the many dedicated scientists who served as contributors to these volumes, but from the many other authors cited herein and those to follow, out understanding of these interesting compounds will continue to expand. We have already learned enough to greatly reduce the adverse effects of the trichothecene mycotoxins on humans and other animals.